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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Maniraptora</span></h1>
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<th>Maniraptora
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<p>Rekonstruierte Handknochen von <i><a href="Dromaeosaurus" title="Dromaeosaurus">Dromaeosaurus</a></i> im <a href="Mus%C3%A9um_national_d%E2%80%99histoire_naturelle" title="Muséum national d’histoire naturelle">Muséum national d’histoire naturelle</a> in Paris
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<th><a href="Erdzeitalter" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdzeitalter">Zeitliches Auftreten</a>
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<td class="taxo-zeit"><a href="Bathonium" title="Bathonium">Bathonium</a> (<a href="Mitteljura" title="Mitteljura">Mitteljura</a>) bis <a href="Maastrichtium" title="Maastrichtium">Maastrichtium</a> (<a href="Oberkreide" class="mw-redirect" title="Oberkreide">Oberkreide</a>)<br> (Vögel bis <a href="Holoz%C3%A4n" title="Holozän">Jetztzeit</a>)
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<td class="taxo-zeit">168,3 bis 66 (bzw. 0) <a href="Mya_(Zeitskala)" title="Mya (Zeitskala)">Mio. Jahre</a>
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<th><a href="Fossil" title="Fossil">Fundorte</a>
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<ul><li>Weltweit</li></ul>
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<th><a href="Systematik_(Biologie)" title="Systematik (Biologie)">Systematik</a>
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<td><a href="Theropoda" title="Theropoda">Theropoda</a>
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<td><a href="Tetanurae" title="Tetanurae">Tetanurae</a>
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<td><a href="Avetheropoda" title="Avetheropoda">Avetheropoda</a>
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<td><a href="Coelurosauria" title="Coelurosauria">Coelurosauria</a>
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<td><a href="Maniraptoriformes" title="Maniraptoriformes">Maniraptoriformes</a>
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<td>Maniraptora
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<th><a href="Nomenklatur_(Biologie)" title="Nomenklatur (Biologie)">Wissenschaftlicher Name</a>
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<td class="taxo-name">Maniraptora
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<td class="Person"><a href="Jacques_Gauthier" title="Jacques Gauthier">Gauthier</a>, 1986
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<p>Die <b>Maniraptora</b> (eingedeutscht <b>Maniraptoren</b>, „Handräuber“) sind eine Gruppe <a href="Theropoda" title="Theropoda">theropoder</a> <a href="Dinosaurier" title="Dinosaurier">Dinosaurier</a>, die fortschrittliche <a href="Coelurosauria" title="Coelurosauria">Coelurosaurier</a> und die <a href="V%C3%B6gel" title="Vögel">Vögel</a> (Aves) umfassen. Sie zeichnen sich durch einen besonderen, halbmondförmig gestalteten Knochen im <a href="Handgelenk" title="Handgelenk">Handgelenk</a> aus. Dadurch wurde eine höhere Beweglichkeit der Hand erreicht, was ein wichtiger Schritt zu der für den <a href="Fliegen_(Fortbewegung)#Vogelflug" title="Fliegen (Fortbewegung)">Vogelflug</a> nötigen Beweglichkeit war. Auch die <a href="Feder" title="Feder">Feder</a> entwickelte sich innerhalb der Maniraptora weiter.
</p><p>Die Maniraptora des <a href="Erdmittelalter" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdmittelalter">Erdmittelalters</a> waren kleine und mittelgroße Tiere, die innerhalb der Dinosaurier die größten Gehirne im Vergleich zur Körpergröße hatten. Man vermutet, dass sie intelligente und agile Räuber waren (für rezente Vertreter siehe: <a href="V%C3%B6gel#Vogelintelligenz" title="Vögel">Vögel#Vogelintelligenz</a>).
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Innere_Systematik">Innere Systematik</h2></div>
<p>Ein Modell der inneren Systematik der Maniraptora nach einer jüngeren Studie gibt folgendes <a href="Kladogramm" class="mw-redirect" title="Kladogramm">Kladogramm</a> wieder:<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<td style="min-width:1em; border-bottom:2px solid; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"> <b>Maniraptora</b>
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<p> <i><a href="Ornitholestes" title="Ornitholestes">Ornitholestes</a></i>
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<p> <a href="Therizinosauroidea" title="Therizinosauroidea">Therizinosauroidea</a>
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<p> <a href="Alvarezsauridae" title="Alvarezsauridae">Alvarezsauridae</a>
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<p> <a href="Oviraptorosauria" title="Oviraptorosauria">Oviraptorosauria</a>
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<td style="border-left:2px solid; border-bottom:2px solid; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"> <a href="Paraves" title="Paraves">Paraves</a>
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<td style="min-width:1em; border-bottom:2px solid; vertical-align:bottom; text-align:center;"> <a href="Deinonychosauria" title="Deinonychosauria">Deinonychosauria</a>
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<p> <a href="Troodontidae" title="Troodontidae">Troodontidae</a>
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<p> <a href="Dromaeosauridae" title="Dromaeosauridae">Dromaeosauridae</a>
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<p> <a href="Avialae" title="Avialae">Avialae</a> (Vögel im weiteren Sinn)
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<td valign="top"><br><span style="display:none;">Vorlage:Klade/Wartung/Style</span>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Gefiederte_Dinosaurier" title="Gefiederte Dinosaurier">Gefiederte Dinosaurier</a></li>
<li><a href="Microraptor" title="Microraptor">Microraptor</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="David_E._Fastovsky" class="mw-redirect" title="David E. Fastovsky">David E. Fastovsky</a>, <a href="David_B._Weishampel" title="David B. Weishampel">David B. Weishampel</a>: <i>The Evolution and Extinction of the Dinosaurs.</i> 2. Auflage. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2005, ISBN 0-521-81172-4.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Phil Senter: <i>A new look at the phylogeny of Coelurosauria (Dinosauria: Theropoda).</i> In: <i>Journal of Systematic Palaeontology.</i> Bd. 5, Nr. 4, 2007, <span class="-print"><a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221477-2019%22&key=cql">1477-2019</a></span></span>, S. 429–463, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477201907002143" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1017/S1477201907002143">doi:10.1017/S1477201907002143</a>.</span>
</li>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coelurosauria?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Maniraptora</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikispecies"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Maniraptora?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Wikispecies</span>: Maniraptora</a></span></b> – Artenverzeichnis</div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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